Learn the preterit, or past tense, and pet names
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Braden: Hello, and welcome to PortuguesePOD101.com, where we study modern Portuguese in a fun, educational format! |
| Camila: So, brush up on the Portuguese that you started learning long ago, or start learning today. |
| Braden: Thanks for being here with us for this lesson, Camila, what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Thássia: So Braden, please tell us what we will be learning in this lesson. |
| Braden: In this lesson, we'll be learning how to conjugate regular -ar verbs into the preterit tense. |
| Thássia: Where does this conversation take place and who is it between? |
| Braden: This conversation takes place after work and it's between a husband and wife at home. |
| Thássia: What's the formality level? |
| Braden: Well, the husband and wife have a very close relationship so they'll be speaking informally |
| Thássia: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Esposo: Oi, meu docinho de côco! Como foi seu dia? |
| Esposa: Foi bom. Pela primeira vez, almocei no refeitório da empresa. |
| Esposo: Ah que legal! E aí, como foi? |
| Esposa: Foi ótimo! Tinha comida de todo tipo. Eu comi arroz, feijão, filé mignon, uma salada de tomate, umas verduras, e suco de mangaba (bem geladinho). E tinha até sorvete de sobremesa, mas eu queria abacaxi. |
| Esposo: Eita! Que legal! Comeu bem, hein? |
| Esposa: Uhum! |
| Esposo: Não tem nada disso, nem metade, no refeitório do meu trabalho. Neste emprego, você tá com o burro amarrado na sombra. Peraí...Quanto custou isso tudo? |
| Esposa: Foi de graça, amor. Nem caixa tinha. Eu achei o máximo! |
| Esposo: Realmente, é muito bom. Tem uma vaga para mim lá no PortuguesePod101.com? |
| Esposa: Vou ver com minha amiga. Eu sou nova na empresa, mas ela já criou um certo vínculo com nosso chefe. Quem sabe não tem uma vaguinha! |
| Esposo: Seria ótimo! De quebra ainda me livraria do chato do Augusto, meu chefe. |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Esposo: Oi, meu docinho de côco! Como foi seu dia? |
| Esposa: Foi bom. Pela primeira vez, almocei no refeitório da empresa. |
| Esposo: Ah que legal! E aí, como foi? |
| Esposa: Foi ótimo! Tinha comida de todo tipo. Eu comi arroz, feijão, filé mignon, uma salada de tomate, umas verduras, e suco de mangaba (bem geladinho). E tinha até sorvete de sobremesa, mas eu queria abacaxi. |
| Esposo: Eita! Que legal! Comeu bem, hein? |
| Esposa: Uhum! |
| Esposo: Não tem nada disso, nem metade, no refeitório do meu trabalho. Neste emprego, você tá com o burro amarrado na sombra. Peraí...Quanto custou isso tudo? |
| Esposa: Foi de graça, amor. Nem caixa tinha. Eu achei o máximo! |
| Esposo: Realmente, é muito bom. Tem uma vaga para mim lá no PortuguesePod101.com? |
| Esposa: Vou ver com minha amiga. Eu sou nova na empresa, mas ela já criou um certo vínculo com nosso chefe. Quem sabe não tem uma vaguinha! |
| Esposo: Seria ótimo! De quebra ainda me livraria do chato do Augusto, meu chefe. |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Esposo: Oi, meu docinho de côco! Como foi seu dia? |
| Braden: Hi my coconut sweet! How was your day? |
| Esposa: Foi bom. Pela primeira vez, almocei no refeitório da empresa. |
| Braden: It was good. For the first time, I ate lunch in the office cafeteria. |
| Esposo: Ah que legal! E aí, como foi? |
| Braden: Oh that's cool. So, how was it? |
| Esposa: Foi ótimo! Tinha comida de todo tipo. Eu comi arroz, feijão, filé mignon, uma salada de tomate, umas verduras, e suco de mangaba (bem geladinho). E tinha até sorvete de sobremesa, mas eu queria abacaxi. |
| Braden: It was great! There was food of every kind. I ate rice, beans, filet mignon, tomato salad, some vegetables, and mangaba juice. There was even ice cream for dessert but I wanted pineapple. |
| Esposo: Eita! Que legal! Comeu bem, hein? |
| Braden: Wow! That's so cool! You ate well then? |
| Esposa: Uhum! |
| Braden: Uh huh. |
| Esposo: Não tem nada disso, nem metade, no refeitório do meu trabalho. Neste emprego, você tá com o burro amarrado na sombra. Peraí...Quanto custou isso tudo? |
| Braden: There's nothing like that, not even half of it, at my office cafeteria. In this job you've got a free ride. Wait a second...How much did all of that cost? |
| Esposa: Foi de graça, amor. Nem caixa tinha. Eu achei o máximo! |
| Braden: It was free, love. There wasn't even a cashier. It was awesome. |
| Esposo: Realmente, é muito bom. Tem uma vaga para mim lá no PortuguesePod101.com? |
| Braden: That really is very good. Are there any open positions for me at PortuguesePod101.com? |
| Esposa: Vou ver com minha amiga. Eu sou nova na empresa, mas ela já criou um certo vínculo com nosso chefe. Quem sabe não tem uma vaguinha! |
| Braden: I will check with my friend. I'm new in the company but she's already made a certain connection with the boss. Who knows if there might not be an open position. |
| Esposo: Seria ótimo! De quebra ainda me livraria do chato do Augusto, meu chefe. |
| Braden: That would be great! And plus, I'd be free of my jerk boss, Augusto. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| (Peter always does a little review about the previous lessons. explain what you are thinking about the storyline in the lesson, so the students can follow and participate - don't make them guess.) |
| Braden: Brazilian culture has some interesting pet names. Some of the classics, like “amor” which means “love” and querida which means “dear.” |
| Thássia: And like in the dialogue, “docinho de coco” means “little coconut sweet.” Most of our pet names are are related in some way to nature. |
| Braden: the other day you told me a funny story about your sister and the the pet name “beijo.” Could you tell us that? |
| Thássia: (Thássia tells her story about here sister and “beijo”) |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Camila: almoçar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to lunch, to eat lunch |
| Camila: almoçar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: almoçar [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: cafeteria [natural native speed] |
| Braden: coffee shop |
| Camila: cafeteria [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: cafeteria [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: refeitório [natural native speed] |
| Braden: cafeteria, company canteen |
| Camila: refeitório [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: refeitório [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: vez [natural native speed] |
| Braden: turn, time |
| Camila: vez [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: vez [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: verduras [natural native speed] |
| Braden: vegetables, greens |
| Camila: verduras [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: verduras [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: mangaba [natural native speed] |
| Braden: small green fruit found in the north of Brazil |
| Camila: mangaba [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: mangaba [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: filé mignon [natural native speed] |
| Braden: filet mignon |
| Camila: filé mignon [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: filé mignon [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Camila: vínculo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: link, tie, connection |
| Camila: vínculo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Camila: vínculo [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Braden: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Thássia: The first phrase we’ll look at today is não tem nada disso. In the dialogue we saw the husband saying Não tem nada disso, nem metade, no refeitório do meu trabalho which we translated as “There’s nothing like that, not even half of it, at my office cafeteria.” |
| Braden: não tem nada disso literally translates to “no have nothing of that” which makes no sense. But it means “there isn’t anything like that.” Portuguese doesn’t have a word for “anything” in this sense so the word nada which means “nothing” is used. |
| Thássia: The next phrase we’ll look at is o máximo. O máximo literally translates to “the maximum” but it is actually used like “the best“ or “great.” |
| Braden: In the dialogue we translated it as “It was awesome.” It is a very common expression and you will hear this expression very often in informal conversation, especially by women. |
| Thássia: Next we have the phrase quem sabe. Quem sabe literally means “who knows” and most of the time it is used to mean exactly that “who knows?” |
| Braden: But when used a certain tone of voice it becomes a rhetorical question, or better, it is used to give a tone of possibility. |
| Thássia: Next we have the expression burro amarrado na sombra. The literal translation of burro amarrado na sombra, “donkey tied up in the shade” doesn’t give any clue of the meaning of this expression. |
| Braden: Burro amarrado na sombra means a life is so easy that not even the donkey (the lowly work animal) has to work. In the dialogue, when the husband said to his wife Neste emprego, você tá com o burro amarrado na sombra he meant that the work was not that hard in her job. |
| Thássia: The last expression we’ll look at in this lesson is de quebra. De quebra literally translates to “of break” but it actually means “also” or “plus” it sounds like a bonus. |
| Braden: As in the dialogue when the husband said that he if changed his job he would get rid of his boss, it’s like a bonus; he would work for a better company and de quebra (plus that) he would get rid of his boss. |
| Thássia: His boss mustn’t be a nice person. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Braden: Okay Thássia, what are we studying in this lesson? |
| Thássia: The focus of this lesson is the preterit tense. in the dialogue we heard the phrase Quanto custou isso tudo? |
| Braden: which we translated as "How much did all of that cost?” Talking about the past in Portuguese is easy and in this lesson we are going to learn one major past tense conjugation. |
| Thássia: This past tense is called the preterit tense or sometimes the simple past tense. The preterit tense is very simple and is used in this phrase - “The concert started at eight p.m.” – O concerto começou às vinte horas. |
| Braden: Remember, preterit is just a fancy grammar way to say “past tense.”” so, Construction is this - when a Portuguese speaker talks about an event in the past, they may want to focus on one of three things. |
| Thássia: 1) The beginning of an event - e.g., as in “The meeting began at six p.m.” – A reunião começou às dezoito horas. |
| Braden: 2) The end of an event - e.g., “The snowstorm finally stopped.” – A tempestade de neve finalmente parou. |
| Thássia: or 3) The event (or series of events as a single completed action - e.g., |
| Braden: as in “I shut the door.” – Eu fechei a porta. |
| Thássia: “He lived in Spain for seven years.” – Ele morou na Espanha por sete anos. |
| Braden: or “They saw the president six times.” – Eles viram o presidente seis vezes. |
| Thássia: In the above situations, the preterit tense is always used. To form the preterit tense of regular -ar infinitives, drop the infinitive ending (-ar) and add the appropriate endings. |
| Braden: let’s go through the correct conjugations for these. We’ll be looking at the verb comprar which means to buy. So, I bought is? |
| Thássia: eu comprei, |
| Braden: you bought |
| Thássia: você comprou |
| Braden: he/she/it bought |
| Thássia: ele ou ela comprou |
| Braden: we bought |
| Thássia: nós compramos |
| Braden: y’all bought |
| Thássia: vocês compraram |
| Braden: they bought |
| Thássia: eles ou elas compraram |
| Braden: awesome. now let’s here some of these in sentences. |
| Thássia: In the dialogue we heard the sentence Almocei no refeitório da empresa. |
| Braden: Right. We translated this as "I ate lunch in the office cafeteria.” so the -ei sound at the end of the verb indicates it was “I” who did it, |
| Thássia: Right. also in the dialogue was the phrase - Quanto custou isso tudo? Which means how much did all of this cost. |
| Braden: This is important because in English we often use "did" to indicate the past tense. Portuguese doesn't have the word "did" in this sense so sentences that use the word "did" to indicate the simple past will use the preterit in Portuguese. |
| Thássia: So the preterit in Portuguese is almost always the same as the normal past in English. |
| Braden: Yep. Past tense is very important. |
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