Learn how to describe how things are done by using adverbs
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| DIALOGUE |
| Mariana: Então, para chegar no Pão de Açúcar eu tenho de andar no bondinho? |
| Melissa: Com certeza. Dá para chegar até a ilha de barco né, mas aí tem que escalar a pedra pra ter a vista de tudo. Você não quer perder aquilo não. |
| Mariana: Mas eu tenho medo de altura. |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Mariana: Então, para chegar no Pão de Açúcar eu tenho de andar no bondinho? |
| Melissa: Com certeza. Dá para chegar até a ilha de barco né, mas aí tem que escalar a pedra pra ter a vista de tudo. Você não quer perder aquilo não. |
| Mariana: Mas eu tenho medo de altura. |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Mariana: Então, para chegar no Pão de Açúcar eu tenho de andar no bondinho? |
| Braden: Then, to get to Sugar Loaf, I have to take the cable car? |
| Melissa: Com certeza. Dá para chegar até a ilha de barco né, mas aí tem que escalar a pedra pra ter a vista de tudo. Você não quer perder aquilo não. |
| Braden: Of course. It's also possible to go by boat, but then you'd have to rock climb to the top to get the view of everything. You don't want to miss that. |
| Mariana: Mas eu tenho medo de altura. |
| Braden: But I'm afraid of heights. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Braden: So, we wanted to talk a little bit about Pão de Açúcar. |
| Sandra-: The Pão de Açúcar resume the main tourist locations in Rio de Janeiro. Is an island exactly it's actually a gigantic single rock sticking out of the Guanabara Bay. |
| Braden: There are quite a few stories about the origin of the name the most common is that it comes from the appearance of sugarcane after it's processed. |
| Sandra-: Back in the days when the Portuguese still ruled Brazil sugarcane was harvested, process, and then stored in a type of pillar format that looks similar to the rock that juts out of Guanabara Bay. |
| Braden: The Pão de Açúcar is often seen in postcards, commercials, websites, and even in international blockbusters like James Bond films, the Hulk, and New Moon from the Twilight saga. |
| Sandra-: Another important aspect of the Pão de Açúcar, or Sugarloaf, is the Bondinho, or "cable car." To the Brazilians the Bondinho is just as iconic as the Pão de Açúcar. |
| Braden: The Bondinho was inaugurated in 1912 and since then has transported an estimated 31 million passengers. The value of this cable car is that it takes you from the city on to the very top peak of the Pão de Açúcar which gives you a view of the entire Guanabara bay. |
| Sandra-: It was here that the 007 scene of the movie "Moonraker" took place. |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the vocabulary. é |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Sandra: açúcar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: sugar |
| Sandra: açúcar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: açúcar [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: pão [natural native speed] |
| Braden: bread |
| Sandra: pão [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: pão [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: bondinho [natural native speed] |
| Braden: tram |
| Sandra: bondinho [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: bondinho [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: chegar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to arrive |
| Sandra: chegar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: chegar [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: barco [natural native speed] |
| Braden: boat |
| Sandra: barco [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: barco [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: vista [natural native speed] |
| Braden: view |
| Sandra: vista [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: vista [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: tudo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: everything |
| Sandra: tudo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: tudo [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: quer [natural native speed] |
| Braden: he/she/it wants |
| Sandra: quer [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: quer [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: perder [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to lose |
| Sandra: perder [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: perder [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: aquilo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: that |
| Sandra: aquilo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: aquilo [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: tenho [natural native speed] |
| Braden: I have |
| Sandra: tenho [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: tenho [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: medo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: fear |
| Sandra: medo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: medo [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sandra: altura [natural native speed] |
| Braden: height |
| Sandra: altura [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sandra: altura [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Braden: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Braden: Let's take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Sandra-: In the dialogue, we heard the word então |
| Braden: The literal translation is “then” |
| Sandra-: but most of the time “então”is used as a conjunction and doesn’t specify any time frame. For that reason, então can be frequently translated as “so,” |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| Sandra-: (break down) |
| Braden: So what's our next phrase/word? |
| Sandra-: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase tenho de |
| Braden: The literal translation is “have of” |
| Sandra-: but it means, “have to.” this is the most correct way to say, “I have to go home.” |
| Braden: Eu tenho de voltar para casa. |
| Sandra-: You can also say, Eu tenho que voltar para casa. In reality, most Brazilians will say it this way, but the technically correct structure is tenho de. |
| Braden: |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| Sandra-: (break down) |
| Braden: So what's our next phrase/word? |
| Sandra-: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase dá para chegar |
| Braden: The literal translation is “ gives to to arrive” |
| Sandra-: but it means, “it is possible to arrive.” dá Comes from the verb dar which means “to give.” Dar has many meanings one of which, is to express possibility. |
| Braden: Dá para chegar às nove horas? - “ Is it possible for you to arrive at 9 o’clock?” |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| Sandra-: (break down) |
| Braden: So what's our next phrase/word? |
| Sandra-: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase medo de altura |
| Braden: The literal translation is “fear of height” |
| Sandra-: but this is the Brazilian expression for, “scared of heights.” |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| Sandra-: (break down) |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Braden: So Sandra-, what's the focus of this lesson? |
| Sandra-: The focus of this lesson is describing things using adverbs |
| Braden: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase |
| Sandra-: Com certeza. |
| Braden: Which we translated as "Of course." |
| Sandra-: Adverbs refine the meaning of verbs by saying how, when, or where something is done. For example, John spoke well/a lot/here/excitedly/dreadfully/in class. |
| Braden: Some adverbs end in "-ly" in English (such as quickly). These correspond to the ones that end in -mente in Portuguese. Others do not (such as well and a lot). Portuguese has both of these kinds of adverbs. First, some adverbs that don't end in -mente. |
| Sandra-: amanhã |
| Braden: tomorrow |
| Sandra-: bem |
| Braden: well |
| Sandra-: cedo |
| Braden: early |
| Sandra-: tarde |
| Braden: late |
| Sandra-: hoje |
| Braden: today |
| Sandra-: The -mente adverbs are based on the feminine singular form of adjectives. Some adjectives, of course, have just one form that serves for both genders. |
| Braden: If the adjective has an accent, it is lost on the adverbs made. For example, |
| Sandra-: claramente |
| Braden: clearly |
| Sandra-: professores falam claramente. |
| Braden: "Professors speaks clearly." |
| Sandra-: geralmente |
| Braden: generally |
| Sandra-: Brasileiros geralmente vivem na cidade. |
| Braden: "Brazilians generally live in the city." |
| Sandra-: inteligentemente |
| Braden: intelligently |
| Sandra-: Eles debatem inteligentemente. |
| Braden: "They discuss intelligently." |
| Sandra-: perfeitamente |
| Braden: perfectly |
| Sandra-: Os portuguese entendem os brasileiros perfeitamente. |
| Braden: "The Portuguese understand Brazilians perfectly." |
| Sandra-: simplesmente |
| Braden: simply |
| Sandra-: O governador simplesmente não está certo. |
| Braden: "The governor simply isn't right." |
| Sandra-: Lets review this lesson. |
| Braden: Adverbs refine the meaning of verbs by saying how, when, or where something is done. |
| Sandra-: Some Portuguese adverbs end in -mente, but not all of them. |
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