Learn the pluperfect tense
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Braden: Hello, and welcome to PortuguesePOD101.com, where we study modern Portuguese in a fun, educational format! |
| Sílvia: So, brush up on the Portuguese that you started learning long ago, or start learning today. |
| Braden: Thanks for being here with us for this lesson, Sílvia, what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Camila: So Braden, please tell us what we'll be learning in this lesson. |
| Braden: In this lesson, we'll be learning Deciding where to travel |
| Camila: Where does this conversation take place and who is it between? |
| Braden: This conversation takes place at night, at home, gustavo &Amanda |
| Camila: What's the formality level? |
| Braden: Well, it's informal. |
| Camila: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Gustavo: Precisamos combinar as nossas férias, amor. |
| Amanda: Sim, você tem algo em mente? |
| Gustavo: Ainda não. Você tem alguma sugestão? |
| Amanda: Eu quero ir para um lugar divertido. Eu quero passear, dançar... |
| Gustavo: Eu tô precisando descansar. |
| Amanda: Eu tô precisando de um bronze. |
| Gustavo: Nós também não podemos gastar muito hein? |
| Amanda: Que tal Maracaípe? |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Gustavo: Precisamos combinar as nossas férias, amor. |
| Amanda: Sim, você tem algo em mente? |
| Gustavo: Ainda não. Você tem alguma sugestão? |
| Amanda: Eu quero ir para um lugar divertido. Eu quero passear, dançar... |
| Gustavo: Eu tô precisando descansar. |
| Amanda: Eu tô precisando de um bronze. |
| Gustavo: Nós também não podemos gastar muito hein? |
| Amanda: Que tal Maracaípe? |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Gustavo: Precisamos combinar as nossas férias, amor. |
| Braden: We need to plan our vacation, love. |
| Amanda: Sim, você tem algo em mente? |
| Braden: Yes, do you have anything in mind? |
| Gustavo: Ainda não. Você tem alguma sugestão? |
| Braden: Not yet. Do you have any suggestions? |
| Amanda: Eu quero ir para um lugar divertido. Eu quero passear, dançar... |
| Braden: I want to go to some place fun. I want to tour around, dance... |
| Gustavo: Eu tô precisando descansar. |
| Braden: I need to rest. |
| Amanda: Eu tô precisando de um bronze. |
| Braden: I need a tan. |
| Gustavo: Nós também não podemos gastar muito hein? |
| Braden: But we can't spend too much, okay? |
| Amanda: Que tal Maracaípe? |
| Braden: What about Macaraípe? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Braden: (ask --- something about the dialogue-Peter always does a little review about the previous lessons. explain what you are thinking about the storyline in the lesson, so the students can follow and participate - don't make them guess.) |
| ---: response |
| Temporadas |
| Braden: One thing that Brazil has plenty of is places to visit. Beyond that, Brazilians love to travel so during the tourist season or alta-temporada, normal residencial areas empty. |
| ---: For example, I live in Curitiba and here there's not much of a carnaval celebration. So, the people who like Carnaval have to go somewhere else. |
| Braden: That's right. In my apartment building, only myself and my family were present the whole week of Carnaval. It was very quiet. |
| ---: Macaraípe is also a very well known tourist spot. |
| Braden: (tell us about macaraípe) |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Sílvia: sugestão [natural native speed] |
| Braden: suggestion |
| Sílvia: sugestão [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: sugestão [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: passear [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to tour, to travel, to wander |
| Sílvia: passear [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: passear [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: bronze [natural native speed] |
| Braden: tan, bronze |
| Sílvia: bronze [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: bronze [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: férias [natural native speed] |
| Braden: vacation, break, holiday |
| Sílvia: férias [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: férias [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: gastar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to waste, to spend |
| Sílvia: gastar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: gastar [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: divertido [natural native speed] |
| Braden: fun |
| Sílvia: divertido [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: divertido [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: combinar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to combine, to match, to go with, to arrange |
| Sílvia: combinar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: combinar [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: dançar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: to dance |
| Sílvia: dançar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: dançar [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: Taiti [natural native speed] |
| Braden: Tahiti |
| Sílvia: Taiti [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: Taiti [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Braden: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| ---: The first word we'll look at is sugestão. |
| Braden: sugestão literally translates to "suggestion" but in the English translation we made it plural "suggestions." This is because in English we tend to say this phrase with suggestion in the plural. |
| ---: Similarly, Portuguese almost always uses this phrase in the singular. |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
| Braden: what's our next word? |
| ---: The next word we'll look at is bronze |
| Braden: bronze predictably means "bronze" in Portuguese. This is both the way to say the metal "bronze" as it is the way to describe the color "bronze." |
| ---: Where Portuguese differs from English is that in Portuguese the added meaning of "tan" is present in the word bronze. There is also a verb, bronzear which means "to acquire the color of bronze" aka "to tan." |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
| Braden: what's our next word? |
| ---: The next word we'll look at is gastar |
| Braden: gastar is often translated as "to spend" but in Portuguese the verb gastar has strong connotation of "to waste." |
| ---: So, even though the translation is "to spend" the phrase não podemos gastar muito has the undertones of "wasteful spending." |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Braden: So ---, what's the focus of this lesson? |
| ---: The focus of this lesson is the Pluperfect tense. In the dialogue, we heard the phrase Amanda - Sim, você tem pensado em algo? |
| Braden: "Amanda - Yes, have you thought of anything?" Here The past participle was used. |
| ---: The past participle is used to express the action of a verb as being completed (spoken, eaten, seen, done, etc.). It is formed in Portuguese by adding -ado to the stems of regular -ar verbs, and -ido to the stems of regular -er and -ir verbs. |
| Braden: Could you give us some examples? |
| ---: sure. falar-fal---ado-falado, comer-com---ido-comido, cumprir-cumpr---ido-cumprido, |
| Braden: and how about a few others just to be diferent |
| ---: Ha! Sure, batizar - batizado, receber - recebido, permitir - permitido |
| Braden: Note - the past participle will not change in numebr and gender when following the verb ter. with other verbs it will but not with the verb ter. |
| ---: Okay so, the pluperfect tense ( I had spoken, etc. ) is used the same in portuguese as in English. It is formed by combining an imperfect tense form of ter with a past participle. |
| Braden: so according to the grammar dictionary, The pluperfect tense refers to an action already past at the time when another past action was taking place. It is the past of the past. Personally I think that definitions like that are the reason people don't like learning languages. |
| ---: I bet you're right. |
| Braden: anyway could you review the imperfect tense fo the verb ter for us? |
| ---: Sure. |
| Braden: again, pay close attention to the pronunciation. |
| ---: tinha-tinha-tínhamos-tinham |
| Braden: Great. So before we give some sample sentences, let's give some example participles. |
| ---: okay how about Escrito-dito-tomado |
| Braden: Perfect. So could you give us a sample sentence using the imperfect form of ter and the past participle to form the pluperfect tense? |
| ---: uhh...Sure. Eu tinha comido. - I had already eaten., José tinha recebido a carta. - "Joseph had received the letter.", Eles tinham saído. - "They had left." |
| Braden: Okay so now for the useful part of this grammar section. Brazilians tend to add the word "já" just before this construction to mean "already." |
| ---: That's right. For example, José já tinha recebido a carta. - "Joseph had already received the letter." or Eu já tinha lido o livro - "I had already read the book." |
| Braden: Notice how in Portuguese the "já" comes before the "tinha recebido" but in English the corresponding "already" comes in between the "had...received." That's important when you're translating. |
| ---: I'm sure our listeners have already noticed by now, but Portuguese has many irregular past participles. |
| Braden: That's right. The following verbs have irregular past participles. There are many irregular past participles but are not so common. There are quite a few so we'll just give three and put the rest in the PDF. |
| ---: abrir - aberto, escrever - escrito, fazer - feito |
| quick review at the end of the lesson - explanation of why this is useful |
| That just about does it for this lesson. |
| thanks for listening! |
Outro |
| Braden: That just about does it for today. |
| Sílvia: Want a free way to build your Portuguese vocabulary? |
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| Sílvia: Get these easy instructions at Portuguese.com/Portuguese-phrases |
| Braden: See ya later! |
| Sílvia: Até mais tarde! |
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