Learn how to make words plural
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sílvia: Hi, my name is Sílvia, and I am joined here by Braden. |
| Braden: Hello, everyone and welcome back to PortuguesePOD101.com |
| Sílvia: What are we learning today? |
| Camila: So Braden, please tell us what we'll be learning in this lesson. |
| Braden: In this lesson, we'll be learning innovation in technology |
| Camila: Where does this conversation take place and who is it between? |
| Braden: This conversation takes place at night, at home, none |
| Camila: What's the formality level? |
| Braden: Well, it's formal. |
| Camila: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Narrador: Contando com DVD Players, Cd Players, Alto-falante, Subwoofers e amplificadores a nova linha Marechal Deodoro oferece uma solução completa eme som automotivo, e ainda uma ampla conectividade com diversos aparelhos, como MP3 Players ou Pen Drives portáteis, via entrada USB, isso possiblita realizar a conectividade com os aparelhos iPod* e iPhone*, oferecendo controle total de susa músicas pelo Marechal durante a reprodução. |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Narrador: Contando com DVD Players, Cd Players, Alto-falante, Subwoofers e amplificadores a nova linha Marechal Deodoro oferece uma solução completa eme som automotivo, e ainda uma ampla conectividade com diversos aparelhos, como MP3 Players ou Pen Drives portáteis, via entrada USB, isso possiblita realizar a conectividade com os aparelhos iPod* e iPhone*, oferecendo controle total de susa músicas pelo Marechal durante a reprodução. |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Narrador: Contando com DVD Players, Cd Players, Alto-falante, Subwoofers e amplificadores a nova linha Marechal Deodoro oferece uma solução completa eme som automotivo, e ainda uma ampla conectividade com diversos aparelhos, como MP3 Players ou Pen Drives portáteis, via entrada USB, isso possiblita realizar a conectividade com os aparelhos iPod* e iPhone*, oferecendo controle total de susa músicas pelo Marechal durante a reprodução. |
| Braden: Including DVD players, CD players, speakers, sub-woofers, and amplifiers, the new Marechal Deodoro line offers a complete solution in automotive sound and ample connectivity to a diversity of devices, such as MP3 Players or portable thumb drives, via USB which enables connectivity with iPod and iPhone devices, offering total control of your songs through Marechal during playback. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Braden: (ask --- something about the dialogue-Peter always does a little review about the previous lessons. explain what you are thinking about the storyline in the lesson, so the students can follow and participate - don't make them guess.) |
| ---: response |
| Past meets Present |
| Braden: Here in Brazil, you'll find a mixture of past and present, advanced and archaic. Horse drawn carts filled with street garbage being pulled past electronic stores filled with 60" flat screen TVs. |
| ---: That's what happens when you modernize as fast as Brazil has. |
| Braden: I went to a cell phone store to ask some qustions because the store didn't have a phone number. I was talking to one of the service vendors and there was a man whose only job was to walk around and give water to people in a flimsy plastic cup, on a real silver platter. |
| ---: (what's so strange about that?) |
| Braden: Very connecticut yankee in king arthur's court kind of feeling. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Braden: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Sílvia: alto-falante [natural native speed] |
| Braden: loud-speaker |
| Sílvia: alto-falante [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: alto-falante [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: subwoofer [natural native speed] |
| Braden: subwoofer |
| Sílvia: subwoofer [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: subwoofer [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: DVD [natural native speed] |
| Braden: DVD |
| Sílvia: DVD [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: DVD [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: amplificador [natural native speed] |
| Braden: amplifier |
| Sílvia: amplificador [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: amplificador [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: solução [natural native speed] |
| Braden: solution |
| Sílvia: solução [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: solução [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: conectividade [natural native speed] |
| Braden: connectivity |
| Sílvia: conectividade [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: conectividade [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: USB [natural native speed] |
| Braden: USB, Universal Serial Bus |
| Sílvia: USB [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: USB [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: pen drive [natural native speed] |
| Braden: flash storage device, jump drive, thumb drive |
| Sílvia: pen drive [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: pen drive [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: reprodução [natural native speed] |
| Braden: playback |
| Sílvia: reprodução [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: reprodução [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Sílvia: reprodução [natural native speed] |
| Braden: reproduction, copy |
| Sílvia: reprodução [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sílvia: reprodução [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Braden: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| ---: The first phrase we'll look at is pen drives. |
| Braden: pen drive is the most commonly used term for USB flash drives. In English we call them "thumb drives, "flash drives," "USB drives," "Jump drives," and of course, "pen drives." |
| ---: In Brazil, it's just pen drive. |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
| Braden: what's our next word? |
| ---: The next word we'll look at is USB |
| Braden: And what does this mean? |
| ---: USB |
| Braden: USB is a soon to be outdated computer connection type commonly used on almost all computer types. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus and is currently the standard for computer connectivity even though there are several other types. |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
| Braden: what's our next word? |
| ---: The next word we'll look at is alto-falante |
| Braden: has two meanings speaker and loud-speaker |
| ---: you may also heard caixa de som. These are regionalisms. |
| Braden: what's our next phrase? |
| ---: The next phrase we'll look at is Nova linha |
| Braden: nova linha literally translates to "new line" and in the dialogue it had the meaning of "a new line of products." |
| Braden: Could you break this down? |
| ---: (break down) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Braden: So ---, what's the focus of this lesson? |
| ---: The focus of this lesson is Pluralization. |
| Braden: In the dialogue, we heard the phrase |
| ---: "uma ampla conectividade com diversos aparelhos" |
| Braden: Which we translated as "ample connectivity to a diversity of devices," |
| ---: The rule for changing a singular word to a plural word is determined by the ending of the word. |
| Braden: There are actually quite a few little rules in the part so we're going to go through them pretty quick. |
| ---: First, if it end in a single vowel, the just add an -s. |
| Braden: that's easy and probably covers about half of all Portuguese. |
| ---: Second, it the word ends in r or z then ad -es. example,s rapaz becomes rapazes |
| Braden: if the word end in an "m" the drop the "m" and add -ns. |
| ---: Example would be homem becoming homens. |
| Braden: Third, if the word ends in -s and the stress is on that last syllable, then add -es |
| ---: Examples would be país becoming países |
| Braden: Fourth, if the word ends in -s and the stress falls elsewhere. don't do anything. |
| ---: example would be lápis not changing in the plural lápis. |
| Braden: fifth, if the word ends in al, el, ol, or ul drop the l and add -is |
| ---: examples would be animal becoming animais |
| Braden: sixth, if the word ends in il (different from the others), dropp -il and add -ís. |
| ---: examples would be barril barrís |
| Braden: and Seventh, if the word ends in ão you do one of three things, drop ão and add ões |
| ---: examples would be a canção becoming canções |
| Braden: or you drop the o and add es |
| ---: examples being pão becoming pães |
| Braden: or you just add an -s |
| ---: Examples being irmão becoming irmãos. |
| Braden: catch all that? 7 rules. We still have a lot to go through so moving right along. |
| ---: Now we are going to look at some Special cases of pluralization. |
| Braden: That's right. First, although seldom heard colloquially, proper nouns have plurals |
| ---: examples would be - Almeida - os almeidas (more common os Almeida or a família Almeida) |
| ---: Silva - os Silvas |
| ---: Barbosa - os Barbosas |
| Braden: so, Many Brazilian words are more commonly heard in the plural, such as - |
| ---: informações |
| ---: modos |
| ---: férias |
| ---: vésperas |
| ---: belas-artes |
| ---: premícias |
| Braden: Note - Calças can mean one pair of pants, but calça is more commonly used. third, Letters of the alphabet have plurals. |
| ---: os ff (os effes) |
| ---: os ii (os is) |
| Braden: fourth, Many words with a close o (ô) change to open o (ó) in the plural. |
| ---: Some common examples are - fogo - fogos |
| ---: ovo - ovos |
| ---: tijolo - tijolos |
| Braden: We have more in the PDF so be sure to take a look at that. Note - All adjective in oso have close o in the singular, all other fomrs are open. |
| ---: The o in some nouns remains closed in the plural. some examples being |
| ---: molho - molhos |
| ---: rosto - rostos |
| ---: bolo - bolos |
| Braden: Our last bit is a tip on mixed groups |
| ---: Right. usually mixed groups of men and women or masculine and feminine things have the masculine dominant. One exception is grandparents. |
| ---: Avós - mixed group, grandfather(s) and grandmother(s). |
| ---: Avôs - grandfathers (men) only. |
| ---: sogros - parents-in-law (the first o is open) |
| ---: sogros - fathers-in-law (the first o is closed) |
| quick review at the end of the lesson - explanation of why this is useful |
| That's about everything for this lesson Thanks for listening! |
Outro |
| Braden: That just about does it for today. |
| Sílvia: Listeners, ever have any Portuguese language or lesson-related questions? |
| Braden: Or maybe you have some feedback for us... |
| Braden: Leave us a comment or ask a question on the lessons page! |
| Sílvia: It's super simple. Go to PortuguesePod101.com... |
| Braden: ...click on comments, |
| Sílvia: ...enter your comment and name, |
| Braden: ...and that's it! |
| Sílvia: Commenting is a a great way to practice writing and reading in Portuguese. |
| Braden: It helps you learn faster. |
| Sílvia: And it helps us get better through your feedback. |
| Braden: No excuses. |
| Sílvia: Go to PortuguesePod101.com, and comment now. |
| Braden: NOW! |
| Braden: Have a great week! |
| Sílvia: Até a próxima! |
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