Learn about the verb estar
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Thássia: Bom dia! |
| Braden: Braden here! This is Absolute Beginner Season 1, Lesson 18 - The Brazilian Stare. In this lesson, you'll learn about the verb "estar." |
| Thássia: This conversation takes place at a café and it's between Luciana and Joseph. The speakers are friends; therefore, they will be speaking informally. |
| Braden: Let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| (Informal) |
| Luciana: Há quanto tempo você tá aqui em São Paulo? |
| Joseph: Faz três horas que tô aqui. |
| Luciana: E onde estão seus amigos? |
| Joseph: Não sei. Atrasados como sempre. |
| Braden:One time slowly. |
| Luciana: Há quanto tempo você tá aqui em São Paulo? |
| Joseph: Faz três horas que tô aqui. |
| Luciana: E onde estão seus amigos? |
| Joseph: Não sei. Atrasados como sempre. |
| Braden:One time fast with translation. |
| Luciana: Há quanto tempo você tá aqui em São Paulo? |
| Braden: How long have you been here in São Paulo? |
| Joseph: Faz três horas que tô aqui. |
| Braden: It's been three hours that I've been here. |
| Luciana: E onde estão seus amigos? |
| Braden: And where are your friends? |
| Joseph: Não sei. Atrasados como sempre. |
| Braden: I don't know. Late as always. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Braden: So in this conversation they are at the café, right? What would they be doing right now, besides talking? |
| Thássia: Well, probably drinking a bit of coffee or juice. |
| Braden: Good point. I've noticed that when Brazilians talk together they tend to look at each other more and also look in each other's eyes. I only notice because when two English speakers talk together, usually the person who is listening looks away and the person who is talking looks at the listener. |
| Thássia: Really? |
| Braden: Yeah. |
| Thassia: I didn't know that. |
| Braden: Yeah. I heard about this in a class on deep culture. It's not something we do on purpose, but it is something that we do. |
| Thássia: So, Brazilians look in each other's eyes whether they are talking or listening? |
| Braden: Right. That's how it's been for me. It's not like a direct stare or anything. It's just eye contact. They look at you. |
| Thássia: I like eye contact. |
| Braden: See? |
| Thassia: For me, that means the person is paying attention. |
| Braden: It was a little unnerving for me at first but I've gotten used to it. So let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Braden: The first word we'll look at is. |
| Thássia: Tempo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: Weather, time. |
| Thássia: Tempo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Thássia: Tempo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: The next word is. |
| Thássia: Atrasado [natural native speed] |
| Braden: Late |
| Thássia: Atrasado [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Thássia: Atrasado [natural native speed] |
| Braden: Our next word is? |
| Thássia: Estar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: To be |
| Thássia: Estar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Thássia: Estar [natural native speed] |
| Braden: And what's our next one? |
| Thássia: Estão [natural native speed] |
| Braden: Are, they are, you are |
| Thássia: Estão [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Thássia: Estão [natural native speed] |
| Braden: And our last word is. |
| Thássia: Amigo [natural native speed] |
| Braden: Friend |
| Thássia: Amigo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Thássia: Amigo [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Thassia: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Braden: So we talked about this in the All About series, but I wanted to give a bit more explanation about the "tô" and "tá." |
| Thássia: Okay. What did you want to say? |
| Braden: Well, first, these are not words you will ever find even in the best dictionaries but you will hear it in almost every conversation. |
| Thássia: That's right. "Estou" and "está" are conjugated forms of the verb "estar." "Eu estou" means "I am," and "você está" means "you are." |
| Braden: And in conversation, Brazilians have shortened these two phrases to simply. |
| Thássia: "tô" and "tá." In situations where you need to show more respect, like to your girlfriend's parents, it's better to say "está." |
| Braden: I also wanted to say just that the "tô" and "tá" are used often in many different contexts. |
| Thássia: For example? |
| Braden: Well, if you are at home and someone calls you on your cell phone. |
| Thássia: Cellular in Brazil. |
| Braden: Thanks! Anyway, you're at home and they ask you… |
| Thássia: "Você tá em casa?" |
| Braden: Which means "Are you at home?" |
| Thássia: Right. |
| Braden: You can simply respond with… |
| Thassia: "Tô." |
| Braden: Which means "I am." |
| Thássia: That's right. The "Tá…" |
| Braden: Which means "is…" |
| Thássia: Can be used the same way. For example, "Sara tá contigo?" |
| Braden: Which means "Is Sarah with you?" |
| Thássia: You can respond with "Tá." |
| Braden: Which means "Yes, she is." You see that? Basically, any time you need to say "Estou" or "Está." |
| Thássia: You can shorten it to just "tô" and "tá" respectively. |
| Braden: Perfect. |
| Thássia: Let's take a look at the grammar point for this lesson. |
Lesson focus |
| Braden: The focus of this lesson is the verb "estar." |
| Thássia: In the dialogue, we heard "E onde estão seus amigos?" |
| Braden: Which means "And where are your friends?" |
| Thássia: The verb "estar" means "to be." |
| Braden: And yes, that is the same definition we gave to the verb "ser" in the last lesson. |
| Thássia: In English, the verb "to be" has two different meanings. |
| Braden: And in Portuguese, those two different meanings are separated into two different words. |
| Thássia: The "estar" verb is used in 'active' sentences. |
| Braden: And the "ser" verb is used in equative sentences. |
| Thássia: In other words, "estar" is used to describe the condition of something, as in "Ela está doente." |
| Braden: Which means "She is sick." |
| Thássia: It's a simple description of her current state. |
| Braden: Right. We're not going to delve too deeply into this right now because the distinction between "ser" and "estar" is pretty subtle. |
| Thássia: And these two verbs are very common so we'll have plenty of chances to review and explain further. |
| Braden: So, back to the "estar" verb. |
| Thássia: So the "estar" verb is used to describe the current condition of something or to tell the location of things that can move. |
| Braden: Right, like "He is at home," which would be… |
| Thássia: "Ele está em casa." |
| Braden: This is telling his current location, but he could move at any time. |
| Thássia: Some other examples would be "O carro está na garage…" |
| Braden: Which means "The car is in the garage." |
| Thássia: And "Você está na escola…" |
| Braden: Which would be "You are at school." So let's go through the present tense conjugation of this verb. |
| Thássia: Sounds great! |
| Braden: So how would you say "I am" using the verb "estar?" |
| Thássia: "Eu estou." |
| Braden: And "you are?" |
| Thássia: "Você está." |
| Braden: And how about "he, she, it, is?" |
| Thássia: "Ele está" or "Ela está." |
| Braden: And "we are?" |
| Thássia: "Nós estamos." |
| Braden: And last, "They are?" |
| Thássia: "Eles estão." |
| Braden: Fantastic! That just about does it for this lesson. Okay. Premium members, use the review track to perfect your pronunciation. |
| Thássia: Available at PortuguesePOD101.com. The review track gives you vocabulary and phrases followed by a short pause so you can repeat the words aloud. |
| Braden: Listen and repeat. Copying a native speaker is the best way to start sounding like one. |
| Thássia: Give it a try today. |
| Braden: Bye. |
| Thássia: Ciao! |
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